Homeostasis Within the Nervous System

Homeostasis Within the Nervous SystemSection oneHomeostasis is the condition of equilibrium in the consistencys essential environs repayable to the consistent interaction of the bodys main regulatory cropes (Tortora and Derrickson, 2009). This process developed by Claude Bernard in 1865 and therefore named by Walter Cannon in 1926, is used by the endocrine and nervous system of rules in order to maintain a psychological internecine environment disregarding external influences. As the environment is always changing the body is unbrokenly trying to regulate factors indoors it such as piddle concentration, PH levels, Oxygen levels, nutrients, urea and levels of salt, sugar and electrolytes.During homeostatic regulation the body uses negative feed bear to move the body back to within its formula range of values. To do this a receptor detects and responds to a stimuli from the internal or external environment , once detected the receptor sends information of the stimuli d let the afferent pathway to a controller. in one case received the controller then determines an appropriate response to the stimuli and sends a signal down the efferent pathway to the effector. Once received the effector then makes a change in order to balance out the effects of the stimuli and once again name a dynamic equilibrium within the body. Body temperature is regulate by the autonomic nervous system. Once body temperature rises above the norm it stimulates temperature receptors in the skin dermis, information regarding this change is then sent to the controller which in this type is the hypothalamus within the brain. The hypothalamus then processes the information and sends a signal to the effector to straggle the process of negative feedback. The effector responds by starting the process of vasodilation which in this case would cause the sweat gland to activate in order to lower the bodys core temperature.Without homeostasis a homeostatic imbalance could occur, organisms aim to be able to maintain nearly constant internal environments in order to survive grow and function properly (Guyton and Hall, 2006). Enzymes within the body escape to their full potential within a specific range of conditions. By maintaining PH levels and body temperature enzyme linked reactions can occur efficiently. By maintaining changes in water potential homeostasis protects essential cells needed for processes within the body. Changes in water potential could possibly affect the amount of water within tissue fluid and cells, this could potentially cause the cells to desiccate or burst. Therefore, failure to maintain this could possibly lead to a positive feedback mechanism taking over and the possibility of further complications or death.Section 2The endocrine system consists of glands that argon present throughout the body and secrete hormones in order to control actions that maintain homeostasis, preparing the body for the process of fight or flight, controlling growth and controlling sexual development and reproduction. The glands which make up the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, ad nephritics, the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas, pineal, the ovaries and testes. Hormones are chemical messengers that are released into the tunestream they are carried within business plasma and affect target cells. Target cells throw receptors that attach to specific hormones which have their own receptor. The hormones that are secreted are slower acting however are long-lasting and are good for assisting in areas within the internal environment that require constant adjustments. Therefore assisting with homeostasis.Glucose enters the blood from the small intestine, the bodys blood glucose levels are monitored by a gland called the Islet of Langerhans which is located within the pancreas. A bodies normal range of blood glucose levels are between 4-8mmol/l, these levels frequently change due to eating and exercise. A sta ble blood glucose level is important within the internal environment as it provides the brain with a strong energy source to enable it to operate and also enables mitochondria to produce Adenosine Triphosphate which is used by cells to perform round of the bodys most important functions such as respiration. Homeostatic regulation of glucose happens when the pancreas detects that the glucose levels buy the farm too high or too low as blood passes through it. In the event of Hypoglycemia, where the glucose levels becoming too low the receptor, that is found on the surface of alpha cells within the pancreas stop the production of insulin and start to produce a controller, the hormone glucagon. Glucagon then stimulates the stores of glycogen in the coloured and muscles to convert back to glucose, this process is called glycogenesis. If this is not enough to bring the sugar levels back to normal, glucagon begins to convert fatty acids in to glucose using a process called Gluconeogenes iswithin the effectors. The effectors in this situation are the liver cells, muscles cells and fatty cells. Once converted the glucose is then released into the blood stream causing the bodies glucose levels to rise. In addition to this process, during periods of intense exercise where glucose levels drop the hormone adrenaline will convert glycogen into glucose. In the event of Hyperglycemia, where glucose levels become too high, the receptor which is located on the surface of the beta cells within the pancreas produce a controller to counter act the effects. The controller in this instance is a hormone called insulin. Once insulin is secreted into the bloodstream, glucose levels within the body decrease because the excess glucose is converted into glycogen through a process called Glycogenesis within the effectors, namely the liver cells and muscles cells.Section 3Within the process of homeostasis the nervous system detects and responds to adaptions within the bodys internal and e xternal environments by sending fast electric impulses through nerves to the brain which instructs an effector and enables them to react quickly and return the body to a state of equilibrium. The nervous system consists of the central nervous system which is subdivided into the spinal cord and the brain and the peripheral nervous system which is subdivided into the somatic nervous system which controls our voluntary muscles and the autonomic nervous system which controls our involuntary muscles which helps to create homeostatic regulation of functions within the body such as core rate. Nerves within these subdivisions transport impulses between the central nervous system and the body. downslope twitch is the force applied on the inner walls of the blood vessels within the body by blood. Blood pressureis measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), A blood pressure reading below 130/80mmHg is considered to be normal (NHS Choices) The first numerical factor within a blood pressure re ading is the systolic pressure of the blood which is the amount of beats you heart makes per minutes to pump blood away from the heart. The second numerical factor refers to the diastolic pressure which is the pressure of the blood when tour heart is at rest, in-between beats. During homeostatic regulation of blood pressure if a baroreceptor located in the aortic arch and internal carotid arteries detects a decrease in blood pressure it will send fewer impulses to the controllers, the cardiac centre and the vasomotor centre located in the medulla oblongata of the brain simultaneously. By sending fewer impulses to the cardiac centre it excites the clement impulses and inhibits the parasympathetic impulses. This process excites the effector, Sino-atrial node in order to increase the heart rate, by doing this it causes the hearts cardiac output to increase. Alongside this process the fewer impulses being sent to the controller, the vasomotor centre also excites the sympathetic impulse s which cause the effector, the motionless muscle within the arterioles to constrict this military issues in vasoconstriction and increased peripheral justification. The combinations of these processes cause the blood pressure to increase back to within a normal range. During the catching of high blood pressure by the baroreceptors it sends more impulses to the controllers, the cardiac centre and the vasomotor centre simultaneously. By sending decreasing impulses to the cardiac centre it decreases sympathetic input and an increase in parasympathetic input which decreases the heart rate and cardiac output. Alongside this process the increase in impulses to the vasomotor centre causes an effector, the smooth muscle in the arterioles to dilate. This results in vasodilation and peripheral resistance decreases causing blood pressure to decrease. In addition to the baroreceptors, the kidneys are also involved in the supervise of blood pressure. If blood pressure decreases the kidney s release a hormone called renin that caused the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone. The release of aldosterone causes the kidneys to retain sodium and allows water to flow without resistance causing blood volume and pressure to rise.Section 4Nephrotic syndrome tends to affect primary school grow children. Between two and four children in all(prenominal)(prenominal) 100,000 develop nephrotic syndrome (NHS GOSH)Nephrotic syndrome is a condition where the glomeruli fountain a substantial amount of protein therefore not enough protein remains in the blood to enable it to filch up water. This causes the water to move into body tissues causing oedema which presents itself as severe swelling. Proteins provide the body with antibodies this can cause a child with nephrotic syndrome to have a low immune system which results in an increased risk of infection. Other complications of this condition is difficulties in growth and development and prone to blood clots. If protein continues to leak this can lead to a loss of kidney function and ultimately kidney failure. A treatment option for this condition is a medication called furosemide, a loop diuretic that obstructs the reabsorption of sodium and water in the ascending loop of hele, achieved through competitive inhibition. This causes the osmotic gradient through the nephron to be destroyed due to the lumen becoming more hypertonic. This enables the kidney to secrete sodium onto the collecting ducts, attracting water volume which is then excreted by the bladder by producing more urine. This will result in less water retention in tissue that would be putting pressure on organs such as the lungs.The Electronic Medicines solicitation States that the pharmacodynamics properties of furosemide are, it promotes sodium and chloride reabsorption. furosemide inhibits mechanisms in the epithelial cells in order for sodium and chloride to enter and is transported through the secretory pathway in the proximal tubule. It de creases renal excretion of uric acid and increases loss of potassium in the urine and excretion of ammonia by the kidney.The dosages available for children with oedema as stated by the BNF for Children are orally.Neonate 0.52mg/kg every 1224 hours (every 24 hours if corrected gestational age under 31 weeks),Child 1 month12 years 0.52mg/kg 23 times daily (every 24 hours if corrected gestational age under 31 weeks) higher doses may be required in disgustful oedema max. 12mg/kg daily, not to exceed 80mg daily, Child 1218 years 2040mg daily, increased in resistant oedema to 80120mg daily.Through a slow intravenous injection, Neonate 0.51mg/kg every 1224 hours (every 24 hours if corrected gestational age under 31 weeks), Child 1 month12 years 0.51mg/kg repeated every 8 hours as necessary max. 2mg/kg (max. 40mg) every 8 hours and a Child 1218 years 2040mg repeated every 8 hours as necessary higher doses may be required in resistant casesThrough a continuous intravenous infusion ,Child 1 month18 years 0.12mg/kg/hour (following cardiac surgery, initially 100micrograms/kg/hour, doubled every 2 hours until urine output exceeds 1mL/kg/hour)The Pharmacokinetic properties as stated by the Electronic Medicine Compendium of Furosemide are that it is a weak carboxylic acid which exists in the gastro-intestinal tract. Furosemide is rapidly absorbed but 60-70% id absorbed on oral administration within the upper duodenum at PH level 5.0. Furosemide binds to albumin proteins and the volume of distribution ranges between 170 270 ml/Kg.69-97% is excreted in the first four hours afterward the drug is given and 80-90% of Furosemide is excreted through the kidneys.Reference listTortora, G.T. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009) Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Organisation, Support, Movement, and Control Systems of the Human Body. 12th ed. Asia John Wiley and Sons.Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2010) Textbook of Medical Physiology. 12th ed. Philadelphia Saunders Elsevier Inc.NHS Choices ( 2014) high up Blood Pressure Available from http//www.nhs.uk/conditions/Blood-pressure-(high)/Pages/Introduction.aspx Accessed 19.11.2014.NHS GOSH (2012) Childhood nephrotic syndrome information Available from http//www.nhs.uk/Conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx Accessed 22.11.2014BNF for Children (2014-2015) FUROSEMIDE Available from https//www.medicinescomplete.com/mc/bnfc/current/PHP11437-lasix.htm?q=furosemidet=searchss=textp=3PHP11437-lasix Accessed 23.11.2014Electronic Medicine Compendium (2014) Furosemide 10mg/ml Solution for Injection or Infusion, 20mg in 2ml and 250mg in 25ml Available from https//www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/20958 Accessed 23.11.2014

Royal Mail To Change Its Business Plan And Strategies Business Essay

august institutionalise To Change Its Business Plan And Strategies Business Essay royal direct HRM Strategies an Overview (2005-2010)AbstractThe rapid growth in the Digital Communication applications such as internet, fax, e position, online shopping, and the Postal Service Act (2000), liberalization of commercialize, drives violet chain mail to change its agate line plan and strategies to survive in the current dynamic completivepostal market and in a broader way its future business is uncertain. This experiment aims to depictthe empurpled harness Human Resource prudence (HRM) policies and strategies, and mainly focus for the period of 2005-2010. It also covers how purple Mail is dealing withcompetition from the new-made entrants, and how it mete outd the juvenile credit crunch and itsimpact on the gallant Mail business.IntroductionIn recent times, this company has been confronting with various problems. The group reportedloses for virtually(prenominal) quarters. So, the government had asked the postal regulatory body PostalService Commission (Postcomm1) to liberalize the postal market. Initially, in 2003 licensewere allotted to hush-hush company to handle the bulk mail. In 2006, the markets were fullyliberalized and the group loses its monopoly2 status. All the licensed operators were able todeliver mails to both the residential and business customers.Postal Service in the UK1 An Independent regulatory body set p up in the year 2000, to regulate the postal go in UK2 A preponderating player in the postal service market with full control over the market.3 http//www.royalmail.com.In spite of the forwarding in the communication regularitys resembling internet, email and otherelectronic messaging options, people be trusting on postal service for sending parcel andletters and peculiarly in elderly, disabled, and the low income groups, and the smallbusiness spheres. Every week the group serves 20 one million million customers3 through it s net tame of more or less 12000 post office branches and deliver some 400 million parcels a year throughgeneral logistics systems and parcel force .The universal service and the uniform pricing ar the two distinguished attributes of the RoyalMail postal service. Based on these attributes only the Universal Service4 Obligation (USO)was formed. As per the USO, the cost of delivering the letter is same ir heedive of thelocation. To regulate the postal service in the UK, the Postal Service Act was put in placewith the Postcomm. The main task of the Postcomm includes,4Delivery both working day to every premise regardless of price and location , some exceptionalconditions permitted by UK and Europe Union law.5 Handling with customers complaints in the postal services and monitoring the standards and feelof the services depictd by the Royal Mail.. Grant license to other companies.. Provisioning the uniform pricing and universal service.. Controlling Royal Mail pricing strategy and it s tone of services.. Advising the government on the development in the post services.To watch dog the Royal Mail quality services, an independent make-up Post Watch 5 wasformed to monitor and control the quality standards.Royal Mail Group HistoryRoyal Mail was naturalized by Henry VIII, in 1516 downstairs a Master of Post . Royal Mail wasavailable to public in1635, with postage being paid by the recipient. In 1660, Charles IIofficially established the General Post Office (GPO). Telegraph services was introduced in1840 by Royal Mail, and in 1912 the group started the telephone service.Post code was introduced in 1959. In 1969, the GPO became a public corporation from itsexisting government de musical compositionment. The post office made acquisition and partnership withGerman parcel, Katipos and TNT post group to encrypt into international market. In 2000, thecompany reported losses and it continued for some(prenominal) quarters. In 2001, the post office wasrenamed Consignia. I n 2002, Consignia was renamed as Royal Mail group plc.The Royal Mail Group lost its monopoly status when the 2006 liberalization was introduced.In 2007, government proposed to privatize the group but the election, change in thegovernment and the recent financial turmoil is the key factors for the postponement of theproposal without any further date.Literature ReviewOver the years, it is apparent that disposals are considering Human Resource concern policies as the key factor to succeed in the business. HR department is actingas a strategic business partner within the organization to make the good strategicbusiness and human resource policies to achieve the organization goals and objectives,rather than managing the employees and payroll, as was conventionally the case. Senior HRpractitioners and experts are more than in demand in the today s corporate world.Through the years, there is lot of organizational level studies and research across thebusiness sectors manifested measured relationship between the effective HR practices(recruitment and selection, performance appraisal, rewards and recognitions, training anddevelopment) and business performance. According to Mark Huselid (Huselid, 1995)seminal study related the adoption of HR practices across 968 US companies with theirfinancial performance (controlling for performance in previous years) .HRM authors such as Becker and Huselid (Becker and Huselid, 2006) emphasize the needfor HR strategy to be clearly joined to the business strategy and for the constituent HRPractices to operate in a joined-up way, this being seen as key in order for the strategy to befocused on what matters, avoid duplication and optimize outcomes . Therefore HR functionhas vital role in understanding the stakeholder s business goals, transforming those intocommercial business perspective and identifying the challenges and opport unities from theemployee s perspective and address them in their final approach.Combs, et al. (2006) aggr egated 92 large scale studies conducted at the organizational levelto produce a robust analysis across a large sample. This research revealed that on anaverage, having a progressive HR system (e.g. objective selection, training, appraisals,employee surveys, etc.) related to an average of 4% higher revenue per employee where fiveor six major HR practices were in place within an organization .Business ModelRoyal Mail Group operates through its subsidiaries Royal Mail, Post Office contain, GeneralLogistics Systems (GLS) and Parcel force worldwide. Royal Mail is responsible for collectingand delivering the mail in the UK and handles around 71 millions of letters and packages to28 million addresses in every working day, in line with its unique Universal Service Obligation(USO). Producing and Designing the stamps and, philatelical products are also taken care byRoyal Mail.The Post LimitedIt has national net work across the UK. Larger post offices in urban area were directlymanaged by the Post office limited and other branches are managed by franchise partners.General Logistic SystemsRoyal Mail acquired the General Logistic Systems in 1999 to enter into the European parcelmarket. GLS was market leader in the integration parcel distribution and express customerservice in the European market.Parcelforce WorldwideParcelforce Worldwide is responsible for collecting and delivering the parcel and expresspackages throughout the world and in the UK for both the individual and businesscustomers.Royal Mail Competition and ChallengesRoyal mail is facing tough competition in postal market after the full liberalization act, and inparticularly express package business. Its main competitors6 in the package language marketare world net, Deutsche Post, TNT, UPS, and other airline which provide express packageservices. approximately of its key competitors such as UPS, Deutsche Post, and TNT have large scaleof operations, which could put Royal Mail at a competitive disadvantage .6 h ttp//www.datamonitor.comThough the letter market is declining due to the digital communication advancements, RoyalMail s profitability and efficiency is vital for the future of the UK postal sector and it alsoplays a major role in the UK economy and providing and safeguarding millions of business organisations in therecent financial down turn, where as all other public and private sector firms are reducing itswork force in large numbers.. But Royal Mail faces a lot of challenges. The group has beenreporting looses for several quarters, and its pension deficit is widening Modernizationprocess is being very slow and also the tough competition from the new entrants in thedomestic and European markets are constantly increasing.The culture change is one of the biggest challenges Royal Mail has been facing from quitesome time. It required consistent high quality delivery from everyone in the company, valuefor money. According to, Adam Crozier7, Royal Mail must have the freedom and flexib ility toset the right prices, found on real(a) costs. If that happens, I think the new competitiveenvironment will succeed. Competitors are already targeting profitable business mail. Weneed to compete with them on price as well as service if we are to keep the universalservice8 in business .Improving the Customer ServiceOne of the main objectives for the Royal Mail was to reach everyone, everywhere, morethan any other business in the UK through its mail, post office, and parcel and packagebusiness services . There were many complaints from customers roughly loss of letters butafter working with Post Watch, the quality and service standards were cleansed whencompared to the previous years. Price is the predominate factor in the competition. bracingentrants are providing higher value services with the modern technologies. Royal Mail has tooffer high standard services to the customers.IT Initiatives7 The CEO Of Royal mail (2003-2010(June) )8 http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/427 4335.To modernize its services and operations, Royal Mail streamlined its IT departments incollaboration with BT and Xansa. Royal Mail web based customers are growing vastly, so toimprove the communication with online users. Royal Mail has also utilise the SAP9Software to main its sales order and other process. As part its IT initiatives the groupintroduced the recruitment and employment process through online.Financial Crisis Impact on Royal Mail9 SAP Systems, Application and Products in data processing. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)software to automate the customer and payment details .10 Royal Mail Holdings plc Annual Report and Financial Statements for the period 0f 2009-2010Royal mail made unspoiled progress in (2008-2010), when compare on the previous year records.Due to the subprime mortgage crisis, all the major economies are misfortunate from the so-called credit crunch. Royal mail made profit, despite when the world economy in downturnand the mail market is declin ing in UK and in all part of the globe. Due to the weak globalmarket conditions, the group revenue dipped to 9,349 million 10in first time in a decade,but all it is quartette business groups (mail, post office, GLS, parcel force worldwide) made inprofits through their pricing strategy and good customer service. Royal Mail implementedmodernization and efficiency measures to automate the mail processing and the agreementthe made with Communication instituteers Union (CWU) also made positive impact among itsemployees.Business unit performance External Revenue Operatingprofit/Loss*M M2010 2009 2008 2010 2009 2008Royal Mail LettersGLSParcelforce WorldwidePost Office LimitedOther businessesGroup6,5646,7076,83012158(3)1,4871,4951,232112124114399399379171288389089117241(34)6151368286779,3499,5609,179404321162 start Royal mail financial repotsRoyal Mail HR Approach and StrategiesTo modernize the organization and create world class HR function, McCarthy 11 was found as the director in 2003. According to him, there was lack in coherent HR strategywhich was characterized by disparate spread of HR master copy across the group . The groupspent most of its cost on employment. Royal Mail reduced its HR employee strength from3700 to 2400 and saved 57 million in two years span. There were only few HR specialists andexperts in the entire organization. The HR functions were separated and payroll was the onlycentralization team.Profitability, Modernization, might and Employee Relationship are the key words forsuccess of any public limited company. Developing the good HR frame work and strategy arevital for the public limited organization like Royal Mail to sustain in the today s globalizedcompetitive postal market.Due to the advancement in the technologies, communication industry changed quickly.Internet, fax and other electronic options are dominating the traditional letters. Managingthe huge work force and trade union royal are the challenging task for Royal Mail, inparticula r to the HR Managers. With strong HR strategic plans and polices, Royal Mail canhandle their manpower effectively.Royal Mail HR Metrics11Royal Mail HR director(2005), http//www.personneltoday.com/articles/2005/01/25. People Strategies. Organizational Development. Shared ServicesThe main goal of the HR team is to build strong HR strategies and polices to manage andretain the human resources. It includes Recruitment and Selection, Learning, Careerdevelopment, Rewards and Recognition. Organizational Development and effectiveness arethe main objectives to provide the zero tolerance work place and working closely with thebusiness partners and HR directors. The training team conducts the lead, personal andcareer development programs to improve the leadership qualities and other work relatedtrainings.Royal Mail s people strategy key areas. Creating meaningful, challenging jobs with flexible working structure. Treating customers with value and respect. Building the organization to improve and respond according to the changes in themarket and environment. Recruiting and developing the core potentialities to prosper in the open competitivemarket. Recruiting and developing the leadership capabilities to deliver the goals and toretain the talent to contend successfully.Royal Mail HR PracticesRecruitment and SelectionRoyal mail follows equal luck as an employer. Employment practices are based onregardless of age, sex, disability, race, color, religion, and sexual orientation. Royal Mailemploys diverse mix of people who reflect the communities where we live and work. AtRoyal mail, selection and recruitment goes on for both the experienced professionals andfresh graduates. Different type of jobs are available permanent, part-time, apprenticeship,and seasonal (Christmas) jobs.Training and DevelopmentRoyal Mail believes in training and development. So, the training team organizes varioustraining programs for their employees which includes from starting induction training to thecustomized individual training suits12 through the on job training, mentoring, e- learning,and coaching. Major training programs provided by Royal Mail are12 http//www.royalmail.com/portal/rm/content1?catId=24400706mediaId=24400710. Information Technology. Health Safety. Communication Skills. Performance Management. Project Management. Leadership SkillsThe group also has self learning centers where employees can utilize different packagesaccording to their needs, and Royal Mail is having partnership and joining with different localinstitutes to improve the skills of their employees with various external trainings.Compensation and BenefitsRoyal Mail offers compensation package based on the employees skills and experience. Toattract the skilled employees, Royal Mail offers good compensation package based on thetype of the employment status like full time or part time, and long-lived or contract. RoyalMail offers the following benefits to all the employees based on their employme nt type.1313 http//www.royalmail.com/portal/rm/content1?catId=24500655mediaId=1600017414 http//www.ocp.co.uk/_Attachments/Re http//www.ocp.co.uk/_Attachments/Resources. Health and Welfare. holiday Entitlement. Basic pay/allowance. Pension. Time Out. Benefits /discounts/ ongoing discounts. Support for Disabled ApplicantsPerformance ManagementPerformance Management is an effective method to analyze the employees potential andcapabilities, if it is properly implemented. Measuring the performance of the employee is anindicator of the success of the organization.Royal mail introduces new performance management practices14. The objectives of theprograms were to 1.introduce a set of unwashed validated numerical indicators which hadbeen standardized for similar units/businesses. 2. Apply the Pareto principle and exceptionreporting. 3. Create a focus on looking forward, forecasting improvements (rather than abackward-looking nibble culture) .Work life Balance (Flexible working)Royal Mail is offering the flexible working option. This includes where employees areallowed to work from home for their personal commitments, leaving early for the baby careand compensating the time as per the business needs. It generally gives moral support tothe employees and the best way to recruit and retain the talent resources which in turnimprove the productivity.Corporate Social ResponsibilityRoyal Mail strongly believes in luck to society. Royal Mail and its employees play alpha role in serving to the community. Royal Mail s ambition is to become the leadingorganization in corporate office is a priority of our Chief Executive and every one ofour Managing Directors . Employees also fund to the good cause via their payroll regularly.Royal Mail also takes part in controlling the climate change employ renewable sourceelectricity to make the environment green. It raised 1.8 million15 via charitable donations in2009. As a leader in corporate social responsibility initiatives, the group won the followingawards in the last two years.BITC Example of Excellence (Healthy Workplace Award) 2009Shortlisted for Personnel Today Awards2009 Award for Health at WorkRoyal Society for the Prevention of Accidents Awards 2009 Gold Award, SafetyInstitute of Fundraising Awards 2008 Winner, Best Use of Payroll Giving AwardWinner Quality in marking Media Environmental Award, Quality in Print Awards 2008 .Findings and Suggestions15 ww.royalmailgroup.com/portal/rmg/content1. Prioritizing the HR strategy according to the key business goals and objectives.. Identifying the challenges and opportunities to moving ahead.. Develop and define the HR strategy backed by strong analysis with good HR metrics.. Reviewing the defined strategies and approaches with stake holders and businesspartners.. Finalize the HR polices and strategies.. Building the right-sized productive work force to achieve the business goals.. Automate and standardize the mail process with modern technologies andequipments to compete in the business market with skilled and efficiency handswhere the market and environment is changing rapidly.. Analyzing the data with help of employee and customer satisfaction survey, opinionpool and feedback data.Understanding the external market environment and competitor strategies is importantwhile framing the HR policy. HR metrics will vary with each organization depending upontheir vision and mission statements. Metrics should be cover the organization goals,rather than following the best industry practice. Stakeholders and business partnersshould be engaged while framing the strategy, to make the strategy effective.ConclusionDue to the advancement in digital technologies and internet, the postal industry and marketis changing quickly. Mailing market is declining and online shopping and other commercialactivities through internet are growing speedily. So, Royal Mail has to modernize andrestructure their business strategies to survive in the liberalized competiti ve market place.As many studies, research, and survives demonstrated the strong relationship between thegood HR strategic policy and the business performance. So, Royal Mail has to develop thestrong HR policies and strategies to streamline the HR practice to achieve the organizationalobjectives and goals. Implementing the effective HR strategies in public organization likeRoyal Mail is very challenging task for HR mangers and, where trade union and pensionproblems are widening year by year. The strong determination from the HR mangers, topmanagement, regulatory bodies, and the government can help the Royal Mail to implementthe HR and business strategies to shape the UK postal industry and economy and inparticularly in the current economic crisis condition where unemployment is already in peak.

Steriods in sports Essay example -- essays research papers

Steroids in SportsIn my opinion, the initial reason a person starts to play any sport is to either to have fun or mainly to emulate their best-loved sports figures. So many kids want to swing a bat like Barry Bonds, or rush the football like Jamal Lewis, or play soccer like Pelle. When I was younger, I wanted to tackle like Lawrence Taylor. Since these children like to do what they see their role models do, what happens if they find out that their favorite person boosts his skills by using illegal substances? Since there are a lot of impressionable minds out there, some of those little fans may be swayed to do the same when they get the chance to. Steroids are addictive, just like marijuana or other illegal substances, and there are some well cognize athletes abusing them to get a quick power up instead of actually working hard to achieve muscle tone, or that exceptional intensity that extra strength that they think they need. Steroids are seemingly displacing hard work in todays sports world. I asked coach Wilson, my hometown football coach, about his opinion on steroids. Ive caught some boys taking steroids personally, and I think the main reason that its taken is competition. They usually do not know how to lose, and they will do almost anything to win. When I asked him what could be done to improve on this line of work, Well the only thing that I can think of to sort of contain this problem is random testing for athletes. There is now a cream out that players do not have to inject into their blood stream, they just have to call off it on their skin, and it wint show up in a blood test. He went on to state that In Highschool its bonny easy to point out most of the kids using. You can mainly tell by their attitude, and their size for a highschool student. Also, he stated that steroids dont really make you better, I mean they dont really increase your speed or agility, they just increase your intensity level, and make you large as far as muscles go, but its not worth it when you think about the risk those people take with their bodies. Former baseball all-star, Jose Canseco had a book published, call Juiced Wild Times, Rampant Roids, Smash Hits, and How Baseball Got Big. This book pointed the finger at several players accusing them of steroid ab engagement. Miguel Tejada was among the p... ...kle, that maybe we would have won a game or two, but never did I think about using steroids for the extra edge that I thought I needed. I just used other methods of cheating, like tripping players, or holding players, or when there was a fumble, I would get under the pile and kick, and punch, and turn limbs. I cheated legally and we still did not win many games. I can not say that none of my teammates thought about using, but I do not think so, and from a personal locker room relationship with them, I do not think any of them used steroids while I was on the team. We lost our games honestly, well sort of.Steroids are eating up the sport s world as we know it. Whether it is giving players who are already good, below the belt advantages, or killing and or crippling steroid abusers for life. All major sports, from baseball to track and field are cracking down on the consumption of steroids. There is not yet a way to completely stop it, but random testing, and psychological profiles can help contain the problem. Also the media should use discretion when reporting these problems on the news or in the newspapers, as they would when talking about other substances.

Inconsistent Terminology for Emerging Technologies :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Inconsistent Terminology for Emerging TechnologiesEmerging technologies affect not only the cypher world but other worlds as well. In the past ten years the English language has expanded to include new terms such(prenominal) as blog and instant messaging. Unfortunately, not all new words are reviewed and approved by a central source and often uncouth terminology fragments into different styles and usage. Perhaps the word web site best typifies this behavior. Although a web site is hardly new in terms of technology, publications make believe been rife with inconsistent usage. However, of the various permutations, the etymology of web site is the most practical.Most traditional sources such as the American Psychological Association Style conk seem to skirt the issue altogether with a list that includes Web and e-mail, but not site. Or, when electronic sources are cited, they are listed as being tack together on-line (APA).While traditional style guides have often outlined best prac tices for grammar and terminology, only a few published style guides are sanctified to the forum of the World Wide Web. One of the oldest web-dedicated style guides, the Yale Style Guide, makes no direct reference to the usage of the term web site, but consistently refers to it as Web site. Additionally, Gerry McGoverns Web Content Style Guide adheres to the one-word usage of website. However, the same book curiously advises two different usages of the word web. The character of a capitalized Web is recommended when the word is used on its own to refer to the World Wide Web (example The Web has grown immensely in popularity.). The second use is a lowercase web, when the word is used as an adjective, such as web users (McGovern 2002).A brief look at online web dictionaries and terminology guides whitethorn indicate that Web site is the most popular term. Webopaedia uses the Web site as an entry, as well as NetLingo. But when turning to the experts of the Web, such as Jakob Nielsen, one will discover that Nielsen voices stong opinions about web usability standards but goes against the grain in his use of the term website. In 1997, Wired magazine launched a temporary companion site to its published handbook WiredStyle with the following explanation for its use of Web siteWeb is a proper noun, and so deserves its initial cap. When using Web as a modifier, we keep the cap and strongly resist the urge to close Web up with other nouns.

Deviation from Genre in Hitchcock’s Movie, Vertigo :: Movie Film Essays

Deviation from Genre in Hitchcocks Movie, VertigoWhen a director achieves great(p) success, as Hitchcock did, he is able to follow a formula, much like a genre does, for future success. Further, a successful director is able to do a genre movie but place his own personal touch on it in doing so, he ignores the formula that has thus far brought the genre so much success. Knighted as the Master of Suspense, Hitchcock was well known for his witty dialogue and genius plot twists. But Hitchcocks true mastery came through with(predicate) in his ability to enshroud one story within another. In Vertigo, Hitchcock reveals the twist, that an imposter was hired so that the real Madeleine could be murdered, halfway through the film. The inconsiderate tactic breaks the formulaic structure we expect from a murder mystery, in which solutions always come at the end. It risks unsettling the viewer, particularly on an initial viewing of the film. However, by dispensing with formula, Hitchcock shif ts the emphasis of the story from murder to character, a potentially deeper subject than the typical whodunit conundrum.It is after this revelation that Hitchcocks true movie shines through. The mystery is work for the audience, but James Stewarts character Scotty is still haunted by the memory of his possessed love. His possession takes him so far that he attempts to remake a woman (Judy) that reminds him of his beloved Madeleine into the actual woman. With the movie now a love story, Hitchcock was able to elude yet another genre. His twisted approach on a relationship based on obsession with a dead woman garners pity for both Judy, who is something of an accomplice to the murder of the real Madeleine, and for Scotty, who actually fell in love with the woman he is trying to make into a woman he never met. And so Hitchcock is able to pose a stunning irresolution Did Scotty fall in love with Judy or her impression of Madeleine? This answer is impossible to know, with Scotty never h aving met the real Madeleine or getting the chance to know Judy for who she is because she ironically go to her death just as Madeleine did.It is the very departure from genre that may warrant the success of a film. Perhaps the formula has been done too umpteen times, leaving the audience unfulfilled, or the very topic no longer holds any interest.

Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay -- essays research pap

A Raisin in the sunlightThroughout the play, A Raisin in the Sun, the character Beneatha talks about determination her identity. The concept of assimilation becomes very important to the Younger family. Neither of the members of the Younger family precious to assimilate into mainstream America, they just want to live comfortably. The Youngers are an African American family living on the south side of Chicago in the 1950s. They were living during an season where America was extremely racist towards blacks. The Younger family was made up of Mama, the anchor of the family, her daughter Beneatha, her son Walter, his wife pathos, and his son Travis. They all lived in a lower-ranking two-bedroom apartment where they had to share a bathroom in the hall with their neighbors and Travis slept on the couch.Mama and her family were about to receive a check for $10,000 from the deceased Mr. Youngers insurance policy. This money seemed like the answer to the familys prayers. Everyone seemed to have expectant dreams for the money. Mama precious to buy a house, Walter wanted to invest the money into a liquor store, and Beneatha wanted to use the money for her medical school tuition. Ruth agreed with Mamas ideal of buying a house and she model that the house would provide more space and opportunity for her son.Mama wanted to use the insurance money to buy a house. She finally had the chance to follow up the dream that her and Mr. Younger always had. Mama wanted to buy a house in a predominantly white neighborhood b... Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay -- essays research pap A Raisin in the SunThroughout the play, A Raisin in the Sun, the character Beneatha talks about finding her identity. The concept of assimilation becomes very important to the Younger family. Neither of the members of the Younger family wanted to assimilate into mainstream America, they just want to live comfortably. The Youngers are an African American family living on the south side of Chicago in the 1950s. They were living during an era where America was extremely racist towards blacks. The Younger family was made up of Mama, the backbone of the family, her daughter Beneatha, her son Walter, his wife Ruth, and his son Travis. They all lived in a small two-bedroom apartment where they had to share a bathroom in the hall with their neighbors and Travis slept on the couch.Mama and her family were about to receive a check for $10,000 from the deceased Mr. Youngers insurance policy. This money seemed like the answer to the familys prayers. Everyone seemed to have big dreams for the money. Mama wanted to buy a house, Walter wanted to invest the money into a liquor store, and Beneatha wanted to use the money for her medical school tuition. Ruth agreed with Mamas ideal of buying a house and she thought that the house would provide more space and opportunity for her son.Mama wanted to use the insurance money to buy a house. She finally had the chance to fulfill the dream that her and Mr. Younger always had. Mama wanted to buy a house in a predominantly white neighborhood b...

existentialism :: essays research papers

The modern conception of man is characterized, more than eachthing else, by individualism. Existentialism can be bewitchn as a rigorous fire to work out the implications of this individualism. The purpose of this lecture is to makes sense of the Existentialist conception of individuality and the answers it gives to these three questions (1) What is human freedom? What can the dogmatic freedom of absolute individuals concoct? (2) What is human flourishing or human happiness? What general ethic or way of life emerges when we wad our individuality seriously? (3) What ought we to do? What ethics or code of action can emerge from a position that takes our individuality seriously. Although I am sure you will want to take a critical look at the assumptions from which Existentialism arises in your seminars, I will be attempting, sympathetically, to see what follows if one takes these assumptions seriously.Lets begin by seeing what it could mean to say we are absolute individuals. When you think of it, each of us is alone in the world. Only we feel our pains, our pleasures, our hopes, and our fears immediately, subjectively, from the inside. Other people only see us from the outside, objectively, and, hard as we may try, we can only see them from the outside. No one else can feel what we feel, and we cannot feel what is going on in any one elses mind.Actually, when you think of it, the only thing we ever perceive immediately and directly is ourselves and the images and experiences in our mind. When we look at another person or object, we dont see it directly as it is we see it only as it is represented in our own experience. When you feel the tin under your rear-end, do you really feel the seat itself or do you merely feel the sensations transmitted to you by nerve endings in your posterior?. When you look at the person next to you (contemplating how their rear-end feels), do you really see them as they are on the inside or feel what they feel?